In the field of organizational behavioral studies, there are two different categories called content theories also known as need theory and process theories. Mar 01, 2019 robert kiyosaki 2019 the speech that broke the internet keep them poor. This shows that content theory prevails over process theory in the. Jan 16, 2018 motivation theories can be classified broadly into two different perspectives.
Check out our top free essays on compare and contrast the content and process theories of motivation to help you write your own essay. Maslow refers to higher lower order needs, whereas herzberg refers to motivation and hygiene factors. Within the work environment they have had the greatest impact on management practice and policy, whilst within academic circles they are the least accepted. Content and process theories of motivation the sum total of motivation theories can be broadly classified into two main categories. Motivation theories content theories of motivation. There is no universally accepted theory of motivation. In short, content theories explain what motivation is, and process theories describe how motivation occurs. Difference between content theory and process theory.
Get an answer for compare and contrast three motivation theories. Hedonism, one of the first motivation theories, assumes that people are motivated to satisfy mainly their. Theories of motivation and their application in organizations. Content theories of motivation organizational behavior. In this paper the focus will be on the expectancy theory of motivation which was propounded by victor vroom. This essay will begin first of all by defining motivation as a business concept and then go on to present one process and content theory each before finally. In this chapter, content and processrelated theories of work motivation are described and discussed. According to this theory motivation of any individual depends on the desired goal and strength of his expectation of achieving goals. They are concerned with types of incentives that drive people to attain need fulfillment. Doc theories of motivation content and process theories.
The distinction between content and process theories. Examples of process theories are cognitive evaluation theory, reinforcement theory goal setting theory, equity theory and many others. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Maslows need hierarchy alderfers erg theory mccllellands learned needs herzbergs two factor theory process theories of motivation. Pdf motivation theories have been classified into process theory. Earlier, it was discussed that theories of motivation, dealing with content, seek to find.
In other words, certain things, which herzberg called hygiene factors, could cause a person to become unhappy with their job. Describe the process theories of motivation, and compare and contrast the main process theories of motivation. Process cognitive theories of motivation 1 reinforcement theory argues that the behaviour that results in rewarding consequences is likely to be repeated. What is the difference between content process theories of. Essay on content and process theories of motivation 4 words. Maslows theory is a general theory on motivation which expresses that the urge to satisfy needs is the principle variable in motivation. The chart shows the parallel relationship between the needs in each of the theories.
We will use here a modified version of this classification. Compare and contrast one process theory of motivation essay. Explain the difference between content theories of motivation and process theories of motivation. Content theories are centered on the assumption that individuals all share a similar set of. Free essays on compare and contrast the content and process. Sometimes financial rewards motivate people and sometimes it is just an inner drive to make a difference. However, most organizations dont give it much thought until something starts to go wrong.
In contrast, herzbergs theory on motivation reveals that there are a number of variables existing at the workplace that results in job satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Motivation theories comparison motivation theories comparison introduction it should be understood that the skilled human resource management involves an understanding of the managers along with the welldesigned organizational structure and coordination of workers and their effective work. Motivation theories are classified as either content or process. Quit chapter start contents video chapter end web site. We can also have process theories, which are concerned with the thought processes that influence our behaviour. Difference between content theory and process theory compare. Jul 09, 2017 the distinction between content and process theories of motivation motivation is generally understood as the drive or the desire to do things.
Describe its background, list its characteristics, and identify the problems with bureaucracies. The main difference between content and process theories is that content theory focuses on individual needs, while process theory focuses on behavior. This chapter closes with a summary of all theories and states out the connections of the chosen theories. Processrelated theories explain how motivation evolves and is. Motivation is a process that starts with a physiological or psychological need that. Reinforcement theory expectancy theory equity theory goal setting maslows hierarchy of needs physiological esteem social safety selfactualization.
Content theories deal with what motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals process theories deal with the process of motivation and is concerned with how motivation occurs. These theories provide insight into what motivates people to act a certain way in a particular setting and are popular in business management. Content theories deal with what motivates people and it is concerned with. Values are incentives or reasons for engaging in an activity. In contrast, there appears to be more number of cases that once universal and general. The theories based on this subject can be contrasting and are categorized into two types. Content theories attempt to explain those specific things, which actually motivate the individual at work. Pdf comparison of process theories to content theories in. These different cognitive theories of motivation are usually divided into two contrasting approaches1. The content and process theories of motivation provide human resource managers with the basic understanding of personal needs deficiencies, and how these needs can be transformed into motivated behavior. The distinction between content and process theories notesmatic. According to this theory motivation of any individual depends on the desired goal and strength of his expectation of achieving. Whereas the content theories concentrate on the question of what motivates, the process theories address more the issues relating to how the process works and sustains itself over time, such as factors that determine the degree of effort, the continuation of effort, the modification of effort, etc.
Venugopalan maslows theory of motivation its relevance and application among. Difference between maslow and herzbergs theories of motivation. Theories of motivation are often separated into content theories and process theories. Describe a content theory of motivation, and compare and contrast the main content theories of motivation. Content theory outlines the reasons for motivating an individual while process theory underlines the effect of behavioural patterns in fulfilling the. Content theory or need theory can be identified as the earliest theories related with the concept of motivation. A classic taxonomy of motivation theories is to group them into two main sets. In a historical perspective, the content theories tend to be the earliest theories of motivation or later modifications of early theories. Content and process theories of motivation essay example. Process theories of motivation organizational behavior. Content theory and process theory of motivation linkedin. Content and process theories of motivation content and process theories of motivation introduction this paper intends to expound the content and process theories of motivation and to what extent are existing content and process theories of motivation relevant to considering how workers in todays work environment can be effectively motivated. There are also a large number of cognitive theories that relate to motivation and explain how our way of thinking and.
Individuals analyze their environment, develop thoughts and feelings, and react in certain ways. We have appreciated earlier the importance of motivation in determining human behaviour. Process theories on the other hand stress the difference in peoples needs and focuses on the cognitive processes. Content theories of motivation also referred to as needs theories focus on the needs that motivate behavior. They are the process theories and the content theories. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory twofactor theory frederick herzberg felt that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction do not exist on the same continuum, but on dual scales. Pdf as we know motivation is a mechanism which ultimately influences people to act in a desired way.
It outlines the reasons for motivating an individual. The sources of motivation can vary between individuals and not the same factor drives us all. However, leaders and administrators in the public sector. Content theories assume that everyone possesses a common set of needs and looks at what motivates people at work. The psychological and behavioral processes that motivate a person to act in a particular way are referred to as process theories of motivation. Instead, process based theories view motivation as a rational process. Victor vrooms expectancy theory of motivation an evaluation. What is the difference between the content and process. Content and process theories of motivation quizlet.
Chapter 5 contemporary theories of motivation integrating. What is the difference between content and process theory. Content and process theories of motivation pdf free download. This article attempts to explain both the theories and compares both inorder to identify the difference between content theory and process theory. Content theories of motivation principles of management. Content theories are centered on the assumption that individuals all share a similar set of human needs and those human beings are all motivated to.
Process theories of motivation how personal needs drive. Compare and contrast one process theory of motivation with. Content and process theories of motivation researchomatic. Compare and contrast one process theory of motivation with one content theory. Include in your answer a brief explanation why one is a process and the other is a content theory. Oct 26, 2014 content theory vs process theory difference between content theory and process theory is that, content theory emphasizes on the reasons for changing the human needs frequently while process theory focuses on the psychological processes which affect motivation, with regard to the expectations, goals, and perceptions of equity. These include the abraham maslow hierarchy of needs, frederick herzbergs motivation and hygiene factors etc. Content theories focus on factors within the individual that lead to motivation. A cursory view of the literature will show that there are two central categories of motivation theories. Instead, processbased theories view motivation as a rational process. Content theories of motivation are one of the types of motivation theory.
Sep 19, 2018 the main difference between maslow and herzbergs theory of motivation lies in the basis. The sum total of motivation theories can be broadly classified into two main categories. Process theories of motivation are about a cognitive rational process and concentrate on the psychological and behavioural processes that motivate an individual. Content theories attempt to explain those specific things, which actually motivate the individual at.
The use of both content and process theories must be put into practice to motivate. Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory twofactor theory frederick herzberg felt that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction do not exist on the same continuum, but on dual scales. In essence, these theories examine how a persons needs will affect his behavior in order to achieve a goal related to those needs. Compare and contrast the content theories of motivation. Include in your answer a brief explanation why one is a process and the other a content theory. Expectancy theory is a theory first developed by victor vroom in 1964 and later developed by. In contrast, high need for achievement means that humans try to choose optimal. Compare and contrast content and process theories of motivation. The main difference between maslow and herzbergs theory of motivation lies in the basis. Start studying content and process theories of motivation. Process theories are concerned with the thought processes that influence behaviour. In contrast, he can exert a lot of effort and still not catch a fish. Mar 11, 2016 process cognitive theories of motivation 1 reinforcement theory argues that the behaviour that results in rewarding consequences is likely to be repeated. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Two such theories are expectancy theory and equity theory. Motivation theories can be classified broadly into two different perspectives. The work motivation theories can be broadly classified as content theories and process theories. We can distinguish between contentand processmotivation theories.